Why Microsoft Is A Monopoly Essays - MSN, Internet Explorer

Why Microsoft Is A Monopoly Through a mix of strategies that numerous individuals would consider monopolistic Microsoft is currently associated with pretty much every part of the PC and PC related broadcast communications advertises and is rising as a significant player in Internet business and on-line media adventures. As of March 1997, 87% of all the product designers were really building up the Windows bit 32 stage, which is the working framework for Microsoft. Fifty three percent of 2.4 million US Professional designers utilize Microsoft's visual fundamental program as their essential advancement language(1) Microsoft is assuming an expanding job in their specialized instruction, manufacturing business associations with both business and scholarly preparing establishments. Microsoft's Internet Explorer work area program has surpassed Netscape's product for exploring the Internet. Microsoft additionally has made numerous collusions with banks and its budgetary programming, Money and Personal Investor, alongside its monetary server programming, Microsoft is developing as a key player in forming the on-line monetary exchange arrangement of things to come. Its responsibility for Microsoft Network(MSN) and its association with NBC, which has made MSNBC adventure has given Microsoft solid conveyance outlets for its developing scope of media content. Its interest in Dreamworks gives it a situation in Hollywood film and music creation that can be gathered into its on-line adventures including intelligent sight and sound as PCs and TV join in coming years. Additionally Microsoft is attempting to control the manner in which individuals interface with the Internet from work and home. Its $425 million acquisition of WebTV gives it control of a significant road for non-PC web get to. Its $1 billion interest in the link organization Comcast and proposed interests in US West link currently make it a significant player in planning guidelines for getting to the Internet over link. Microsoft's Bill Gates is in association in a $9 billion dare to make a low-circle satellite framework called Teledesic that could give rapid Internet access to anybody anyplace on the planet, a speculation upheld by the US government through an enormous free giveaway of radio range to the organization. Microsoft has utilized that monetary clout reliably in the course of the most recent couple of years to gain organizations and their product and human resources, while fixing money related collusions with a scope of accomplices. While a large number of the money related subtleties have not been made open, Microsoft spent an expected $1.5 billion somewhere in the range of 1994 and 1996 on acquisitions.(3) Microsoft has bought numerous organizations purchasing or putting resources into more than twenty organizations in 1996 alone. Its speculation have not exclusively been with the $1.5 billion spent on WebTV and Comcast, the $150 million put resources into Apple, and the several millions put resources into extra Internet-related organizations, remembering its key ventures for sound and video gushing. It has been obtaining key advances at a pace of more than one every month. Shockingly Microsoft isn't at the pinnacle of an industry's size yet at a beginning period in business sectors th at are relied upon to detonate in the following decade. In the event that unchecked, there is a genuine chance of Microsoft turning into a budgetary and innovative mountain ruling a bigger number of business sectors and enterprises than any restraining infrastructure has ever overwhelmed. The idea of high innovation makes every individual market connected to different markets through a mix of programming norms, preparing abilities, advancement apparatuses and physical engineering that should all have the option to work in blend. The way in to the financial matters of organized innovation is that items and markets don't remain solitary in these high-innovation advertises yet rather fortify one way of advancement versus any elective way. A working framework pulls in programming created around that working framework, which demoralizes new rivalry since any elective countenances not just the test of making a superior working framework however going up against some time exhibit of previously existing programming applications. Organizations train representatives in a single innovation and are hesitant to forsake that interest in preparing, while the presence of a pool of individuals prepared in that innovation urges different organizations to embrace that innovation. What's more, as work area programming must have the option to work with customer server systems and a variety of different innovations, it turns out to be about difficult to relinquish a built up set of innovation principles that integrate those vario us parts. These supposed ?organize impacts? give an unbelievable enemy of serious edge to organizations like Microsoft that

Language in Dante’s Inferno Essay -- Divine Comedy Inferno Essays

Language in Dante’s Inferno What befalls language in damnation? In Dante’s Inferno, the traveling pioneer investigates language’s varieties and subtleties as he endeavors to speak with hell’s pitiable and corrupt occupants, in spite of different language obstructions and determined cacophonies. Dante specifically brings together language’s irregularities in damnation; that is, he relates the pilgrim’s unsuccessful endeavors to speak with specific shades, and the unfathomable dialects and sounds that ambush him, with an image from Christian folklore: the Tower of Babel. Dante compares this Christian fantasy with Virgil’s emblematic relationship with raised discourse in the Inferno. Virgil works as the pilgrim’s control and lovely motivation, and in spite of his situation in damnation as an agnostic, Virgil despite everything transmits supernaturally enlivened language to his student. In this manner, despite his undefined rawness as a shade in heck, Virgil speaks t o clarity and centered idea, which comforts the traveler and gives a respite from hell’s noisy sounds. At last, the pilgrim’s relationship to language is diverse: it empowers the explorer to interface with Virgil and find his place in the custom of celebrated artists through supernaturally enlivened and private discourse; yet, it secludes and alarms him when it is boundless, enhancing his individual misery; in this manner, at last attracting him closer to his comprehension of the shades’ own torment. Virgil’s edified language brings forth in part from Beatrice, a celestial occupant of paradise, who stresses over the prosperity of the traveler, and incompletely from his status in a long convention of popular artists, starting with Homer. However, in spite of Virgil’s relationship with illuminated and raised ... ... His relationship to Virgil is improved by their comparable relationship to language as writers, and by the test of making a graceful heritage on earth that counters the inheritance of the pinnacle of Babel in damnation. Eventually, the pilgrim’s want mirrors the truth of Dante’s own heritage, one that is vastly persuasive. Works Cited Alighieri, Dante. The Inferno. Vol 1. Trans. Robert M. Durling. New York: Oxford UP, 1996. Barolini, Teodolinda. Dante’s Poets: Textuality and Truth in the Comedy. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1984. Dronke, Peter. Dante and Medieval Latin Traditions. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1986. Durling, Robert M., Ronald L. Martinez. Notes. The Inferno. Vol 1. By Dante Alighieri. Trans. Robert M. Durling. New York: Oxford UP, 1996. Eco, Umberto. Workmanship and Beauty in the Middle Ages. Trans. Hugh Bredin. New Haven, CT.: Yale UP, 1986.

What is Big Data Free Essays

It’s a stage oversaw under the Apache Software Foundation, and it’s an open source, and it’s manage enormous information and give the outcome in brief timeframe . â€Å"It permits to work with organized and unstructured information varieties of measurement from 10 to 100 Gb and even more†[ (V.Burunova)] Also, its structer is a gathering of bunches or one , every one of them contains gatherings of hubs as well and each group has two sort of hub name hub and information hub name hub is a one of a kind hub on group and it realizes any information square area on group and Data hub is the remining hub in bunch . We will compose a custom exposition test on What is Big Data? or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now what's more, that have done by utilizing a lot of servers which called a bunch. Hadoop has two layers participate together , first layer is MapReduce and it task is isolated information preparing over different servers and the subsequent one is Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and its errand is putting away information on numerous groups and these information are isolated as a lot of squares. Hadoop ensure the work is right on bunches and it can distinguish and recover any mistake or disappointment for at least one of interfacing hubs and by along these lines Hadoop endeavors expanding in center handling and capacity size and high accessibility. â€Å"Hadoop is typically utilized in an enormous group or an open cloud administration, for example, Yahoo!, Facebook, Twitter, and Amazon† [ (Hadeer Mahmoud, 2018)]. Hadoop’s Features:Scalable:Hadoop ready to work with enormous applications and it can run ,dissect, store, process, appropriate huge measure of information across a huge number of hubs and servers which handle thousands terabytes of information or more, likewise it can add extra hubs to bunches And these servers work equal. Hadoop better than conventional social database frameworks in light of the fact that (RDBMS) can’t extend to manage enormous data..Single compose Multiple read :The information on group can be perused from numerous source simultaneously .Data avalibility:when information is sent to a Data hub, that Hadoop makes different duplicates of information on different hubs in the bunch, to keep information accessible if there a disappointment on one of hubs on bunch. Step by step instructions to refer to What is Big Data?, Papers

The Bizarre Secret of Best Term Paper Writer

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The Use Of Sulfa Drugs During World War II - 1486 Words

In 1928 Dr. Alexander Fleming began to sort through a pile of petri dishes containing colonies of bacteria that causes boils, sore throats, and abscesses. As he sorted through the dishes he noticed something unusual on one dish. It was dotted with colonies, and one area had a blob of mold growing. The area of mold was later identified as a rare strain of Penicillium notatum, the mold had secreted something that inhibited bacterial growth. Fleming later uncovered that this mold was capable of killing a wide range of harmful bacteria such as streptococcus, meningococcus and the diphtheria bacillus, that had played humanities. Prior to the discovery of Penicillin, Sulfa drugs were used during World War II. These drugs were name as the â€Å"wonder drug†. Although they’re still used today, Sulfa drugs were used to cure bacterial infections such as UTIs and gonorrhea. The new found drug penicillin, would cure millions and replace the use of Sulfa drugs. In 1929 Fleming published his findings to a British Journal of Experimental Pathology, referencing that penicillin had potential of therapeutic benefits. Dr. Fleming was never able to purify his samples of penicillin, but he became the first person to publish the news of its germ-killing power. Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and Norman Heatley expanded on Fleming s work in 1938, at Oxford University. The researchers worked on the purification and chemistry of penicillin, that began intensely in 1939. To carry out a program ofShow MoreRelatedMedical advancements in World War Two1704 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II brought death and destruction upon the world. On the other hand, it also opened doors for pioneering developments that commonly occur during such situations of high adversity. Some of the most important advancements took place in the field of medicine when the world was embroiled in World War II. As Dr. Ralph Major states, An army is a vast laboratory of medical research where disease and injuries are seen on a far larger scale than in peacetime. Many improvements in the treatment ofRead MoreThe Manufacturing of Neoprontosil and Other Products3094 Words   |  12 PagesSterling-Winthrop, also known as Sterling Drug, and I.G. Farben, a conglomerate formed in 1926 through the merging of eight leading German chemical manufacturers including Bayer, a German chemical and pharmaceutical company. [6, 13] I.G. Farben was notorious for its role in the Holocaust as it was involved in many war crimes. The company produced large quantities of Zyklon B, a cyanide-based pesticide, necessary for the gas chambers at various concentration camps during the Holocaust. [14] Sterling-WinthropRead MoreSubstance Abuse and Addiciton: A Very Brief History Essay example1651 Words   |  7 Pagesalcohol, illegal drugs, prescription drugs, over the counter drugs, cigarettes etc. Any and all of these can become addictive to people very quickly. For years, people believed that addiction was a willful vice that they do to themselves. For years is has been viewed as an individual problem instead of a social problem. Americans today have many different views than 100 years ago about addiction, alcohol and drugs. In the early days of the 19th century, it was only a dream that a drug could save aRead MoreUnethical Medical Experimentation During World War II1229 Words   |  5 Pagesand its collaborators killed about six million Jews. The medical experiments of the SS were experiments performed by doctors on prisoners. During World War II, a number of German physicians conducted painful and often deadly experiments on thousands of concentration camp prisoners without their consent. Unethical medical experimentation carried out during the Third Reich may be divided into three categories. The three categories consisted of experiments aimed at facilitating the survival of AxisRead MoreThe Medical Experiments By The Ss ( Nazi )1236 Words   |  5 PagesGermany and its collaborators killed about six million Jews. The medical experiments of the SS were experiments performed by doctors on prisoners. During World War II, a number of German physicians conducted painful and often deadly experiments on thousands of concentration camp prisoners without their consent. Unethical medical experimentation carried out during the Third Reich may be divided into three categories. The three categories consisted of experiments aimed at facilitating the survival of AxisRead MoreThe Bubonic Plague Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pagesbed. During World War II, scientists using sulfa drugs were able to produce cures of plague. Since it is a bacteria, the bubonic plague can be treated with antibiotics. Tetracyline, Streptomycin, and Chloramphenicol are three of the antibiotics used to prevent plague. Sometimes, they are even mixed together to form an antibiotic cocktail. The plague can almost always be cured when it is recognized fast enough. Since the late 19th century bubonic plague vaccinations have been in use. ThereRead MoreResume6916 Words   |  28 Pagescharacter and ambiguities of the United States itself, that vast, brash, divided yet curiously hopeful Nation. On the face of it, the United States was a country blessed by plenty in the 1960s, with hospitals and professionals that were the envy of the world. Among the marvels of modern hospitals that provoked Rosemary A. Stevens is Professor of History and Sociology of Science at the University of Pennsylvania. The opinions expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of theRead MoreScope of Demography8788 Words   |  36 Pagesnumber of deaths during severe epidemics. Censuses and the recording of deaths were carried out in some of the citystates of Renaissance Italy. Birth rates were treated as either constant or meaningless and little attempt was made to measure them until shortly before the recent fertility transition. Modern demography had to await the development of a scientific outlook and counts of population and vital events that were reasonably complete. These conditions began to be realized during the second halfRead MoreManagement Challenges for the 21st Century.Pdf60639 Words   |  243 PagesiiManagement Challenges for the 21st Century PETER F. DRUCKER Contents Introduction: Tomorrow’s â€Å"Hot† Issues 1 Management’s New Paradigms 2 Strategy—The New Certainties 3 The Change Leader 4 Information Challenges 5 Knowledge-Worker Productivity 6 Managing Oneself Acknowledgments About the Author Books By Peter F. Drucker Credits Front Cover Copyright About the Publisher iii Introduction: Tomorrow’s â€Å"Hot† Issues Where, readers may ask, is the discussion of COMPETITIVE STRATEGY

F. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby - 968 Words

Aidan Donaher Mr. Mahoney English 11 Honors Nov 3, 2015 Great Gatsby Paper A life of luxury requires an arduous journey of dedication to achieve it. To embody the American Dream, one must strive to succeed. However, some may go too far in the process, and make irreversible decisions. This dream of copious amounts of wealth causes multiple characters in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s well-known novel The Great Gatsby to perish from selfishness. Based in the roaring twenties, also known as the jazz age, Fitzgerald sheds light on a major problem in society. Since a poor farm boy in North Dakota, to a rich gangster in New York, Jay Gatsby has been in pursuit of the American Dream. This dream lead Gatsby to believe that money and wealthy can buy anything, even happiness and love; ultimately leading to his downfall. Daisy Buchanan, who also believed in the American Dream, wished to marry Gatsby, however she could not due to the immense differences between economic and social class. By becoming a gangster, Gatsby achieved an equal wealth status; however this banish ed him to a life with a tainted past. The green light on Daisy’s dock was Gatsby’s only way to hang onto his goal. To clear his past and attain the ideal American Dream social status, Gatsby tried to woe Daisy into marrying him, believing his money alone would be enough to win her love. F. Scott Fitzgerald illustrates how the American Dream causes destruction and corruption in society. Myrtle Wilson is exemplary when it comesShow MoreRelatedF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby974 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty in the Valley of Ashes: The Great Gatsby â€Å"This is a valley of ashes- a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and raising smoke and finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† (Fitzgerald 26). In the novel, â€Å"The Great Gatsby,† the author F. Scott Fitzgerald, mainly depicted lives of the rich and their luxuries but also showed theRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1289 Words   |  6 Pages and many people realized their own version of the American Dream during this period. The American Dream is one that many people want to achieve. However, F. Scott Fitzgerald demonstrates his true feelings about the American Dream in his classic novel, The Great Gatsby. Many characters in this story, such as Daisy and Tom Buchanan, Jay Gatsby, and Jordan Baker, found riches and happiness in materialistic things and people throughout this novel. This is the stereotypical American Dream that is associatedRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby944 Words   |  4 Pages423169 Prompt #4 No Comments Lim [f (x)] - 0 = ∞ ... The Limit as X Approaches Infinity Humans continually search for success. This success surfaces in forms such as fortune, fame, glory, et cetera. The American Dream encapsulates the ideals of the â€Å"New World,† bringing together not only the idea of limitless success, but also its newfound availability and encouragement for embracing the promise land. The Great Gatsby explores the American Dream and â€Å"the actual nature of this dream... the mannerRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1265 Words   |  6 PagesJay Gatsby and His Undying Love for Daisy Buchanan F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby in the midst of the roaring twenties, which was an age full of wealth, parties, and romance. Young people living in the 1920s were centered around wanting to find love so Fitzgerald, along with many other authors during this time period, focused his writing in The Great Gatsby on relationships and affection. Jay Gatsby, one of the main characters in the novel, is a very mysterious man, but there is oneRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1720 Words   |  7 Pagesdriving force of evolution in humanity. It allows the aspiration of being able to do astonishing things, and proffers them prosperity in life. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald delves into the American Dream and it’s demise. Fitzgerald focuses on the character of Jay Gatsby to materialize the false image that the American Dream created in the 1920’s. Gatsby is the protagonist of the novel, and is famous for throwing massive parties regardless of the s ecret life that he lives. The narrator, Nick CarrawayRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1845 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"You don’t write to say something, you write because you have something to say.† F. Scott Fitzgerald was one of the most remarkable writers of all time during the Jazz Age. He started to reach an accomplishment of success with This Side of Paradise and accomplished it with The Great Gatsby. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novels take place back in the early 1900’s; he attempts to communicate knowledge to the elocutionist, in a sophisticated, but humorous way, that making it big is not uncomplicated. FurthermoreRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1202 Words   |  5 PagesJay Gatsby and F. Scott Fitzgerald F. Scott Fitzgerald is an acclaimed American author, popularly recognized for his novel The Great Gatsby. In addition to his literary work, Fitzgerald is noted for his unstable personal life. Originally coming from a low-income background, he could not marry the woman that he first loved. Even when he met another woman, he had to acquire wealth to marry her; this drove him to publish his first novel. He married her shortly after. However, a couple years after, heRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1258 Words   |  6 Pages What Killed Gatsby? Love or Greed? To certain people, Gatsby’s death was a cruel and surprising conclusion to The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. But there is still some mystery around the cause of Gatsby’s death. Upon meeting Gatsby for the first time, one can tell that he has an obsession centered around Daisy Buchanan, his old love, and was dead set on getting her back. Gatsby’s obsession with repeating the past is responsible for his death and Gatsby’s greed put him in a grave. FurtherRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1761 Words   |  8 Pagescould be the main focus of people who are going out on their own to create a family. However, F. Scott Fitzgerald took a different route in his most famous novel. Fitzgerald uses his book, The Great Gatsby, to show how the idea of the American Dream is slowly dying in the society he created. Although the American Dream was prevalent during the time The Great Gatsby took place in, F. Scott Fitzgerald went against the social norm of believing in this idea and revolved his novel around the idea ofRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1894 Words   |  8 Pageslife. In the case of F. Scott Fitzgerald, this statement could not be truer. In fact, much of Fitzgerald’s most famous work feature plots that closely parallel events from his life (Lathbury 10). For example, his novel This Side of Paradise includes a young man who is rejected by the love of his life on the grounds of his social status. Zelda similarly rejected Fitzgerald for his social status at first. In comparison, it is not surprising that Fitzgerald’s story The Great Gatsby takes place in the

Effects of Pulsed Low Frequency Magnetic Field Therapy

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Pulsed Low Frequency Magnetic Field Therapy on Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Answer: Bio Electro Magnetic Energy Regulation (BEMER) Device- Therapeutic intervention It is a revolutionary and novel technology that is currently applied as a therapeutic modality to achieve the desired outcomes of enhanced circulation, nutrient supply and waste disposal along with enhanced cardiac functions, endurance, strength, physical fitness and energy levels coupled with the advantages of having increased concentration, mental acuity, relaxation as well as stress reduction thereby improving the quality of life. BEMER has been used an adjuvant therapy in patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis and chronic low back pain thereby acting as an effective physical vascular therapy causing reduction in pain and fatigue for the short term in patients with chronic low back pain while beneficial outcomes in the long term was procured in case of patients suffering from osteoarthritis of knee (2). Treatment Protocol: The primary outcome measures of pain intensity will be measured by means of Numerical Pain Rating Scale whereby the patients will be asked to make three pain ratings, corresponding to the current, best and worst pain experienced over the span of past 24 hours. The average of the three ratings will be used to measure the patients level of pain over the previous 24 hours. The treatment intervention following the BEMER application will be evaluated by this pain assessment tool in both the experimental as well as the control group in pre and post intervention conditions on a 10 point scale having segmentations that denote mild, moderate and severe pain progressively (3). Study Procedure and Protocol: The outcome variables will be assessed based on various standardized pain assessment tools that will be adapted holistically to account for best possible treatment option and the relative efficacy of the pulsed low frequency magnetic field therapy in treating the patients with chronic low back pain. The following tools will be employed in this regard. The Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ): It is considered as a valid and reliable technique to evaluate self-rated physical disability caused due to low back pain. It is found to be most sensitive and suitable for patients suffering from mild to moderate disability because of low back pain ranging from acute, sub-acute or chronic in nature. Internal responsiveness in conjunction with external responsiveness will also be considered as part of the measurement. The difference in time may be measured on the basis of this internal responsiveness of the test. Contrarily, the external responsiveness account for stating the association between the results measured by virtue of RMDQ with that of Global perceived Effect (GPE) Scale results (4). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): PSQI accounts for a self-report questionnaire that assesses the quality of sleep over a time span of 1 month. It comprises of 19 individual items generating 7 components that culminates in the production of one global score. It takes little time for completion and is considered as a standardized sleep questionnaire for the researchers and clinicians alike to be utilized in various settings relevant to diverse populations for diagnosing sleep disorders. Sleep efficiency, perceived sleep quality and daily disturbances are the three confounding factors that are taken into consideration whiling employing this test and finally interpreting the scores obtained. The validity and reliability of this tool has been tested to be implemented in actual research studies (5). Brief pain inventory scoring (BPI): BPI is responsible for quickly estimating the severity of pain and its influence on functioning. It is primarily considered as a symptom assessment tool for harbouring clinically significant data that may be documented to support the medical product claims such as that occurring in case of a treatment intervention modality through patient reported outcome variable measures. It is extensively used in the clinical trials to support for the claims made by the pharmaceutical or other medical agencies. In this case the fruitfulness of the BEMER application for persons suffering from chronic LBP will be assessed through this guiding tool (6). Global Perceived Effect of change (GPE): The GPE scale is widely used in case of patients afflicted by musculoskeletal disorders. It takes into consideration the vital factors related to bodily pain, mental health, physical role, social and physical functioning, health transition, emotional role and general health while calculating the quality of life through this tool and follows a question and answer format of assessment to analyze the psychometric property of the questions asked. A combination of multiple important outcomes thereby allowing patients to integrate factors that render the patients to give an overall response concerning all these governing factors (7). Owestry Disability Index: It is an index that in turn has been derived from Owestry low back pain questionnaire employed by clinicians and researchers to quantify the disability relevant to the low back pain. It consists of a self-completed questionnaire that has been validated early. It consists of ten topics that is related to the intensity of pain, ability to care for oneself, ability to sit, lifting capability, ability to walk, sexual functioning, social life, ability to stand, sleep quality supported by ability to travel. Each category of the relevant topic corroborates with 6 statements whereby each questions are measured on a scale of 0 to 5. The maximum disability score possible as per this tool is found to be 100 while the least is designated as 0 (8). Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH): It is a questionnaire that is considered as a self-administered region-specific outcome instrument developed as a measure relevant to self related upper extremity disability and symptoms. It comprises of a 30 item disability or symptom scale that is presented on a scale ranging from 0 to 100. The pre as well as post conditions following a medical intervention is generally applicable to such measurements where assessments are done based on the self reporting of treatment effectiveness after medical intervention. It is well capable of differentiating small and large changes of disability with the passage of time following therapeutic intervention for patients with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder (9). The same will be applicable in case of LBP patients where efficacy of BEMER intervention will be measured. Data Management and Analysis: Data Collection: In the conduct of the study adequate emphasis will be laid on maintaining the confidentiality and authenticity of the procured data. All the data that will be collected in due course from the prospective candidates will be stored electronically in the personal computer of the chief researcher and secured by password. Care will be taken to ensure that the data will not be accessible to any unauthorised persons or disclosed to anyone without proper prior permission from the competent authority. Data that will be in printed forms will be documented and kept safely under the custody of the chief researcher in coded files so that no disclosure of the personal details of the participants are disclosed under any circumstances. The researcher will be responsible for safeguarding these protected data while themselves being aware of the codes. Other necessary hard copies pertaining to the detailed information of the subjects will be filed and kept with the chief researcher. Data will be made a ccessible only to the researcher and the corresponding supervisor. Finally on the completion of the study, data will be published in a collective manner without disclosing the identity of the patients and carefully archived in the files maintained by the researcher. Data Analysis: ersion 20 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software that has been installed in the personal computer of the chief researcher will be used for analyzing the data obtained from pertinent sources. Paired t-test will be employed to compare the differences for each of the groups separately before and after intervention. Additionally, the independent t-test will be adopted to calculate and compare the differences concerning both groups at the same duration of time in pre and post intervention conditions. The presence of significant differences in the respective groups will be scrutinized by means of utilizing these statistical tools. The level of significance for the statistical operations will be set at p0.05 for the entire length of the study. Sociodemographic Data Data relevant to the participants age, body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), educational level, and occupation besides disease histories will be obtained and presented as mean, median and standard deviation. All the data will be compared for the baseline data and homogeneity of both the control and experimental groups. Self reported outcome measures Paired t-test will be performed to carry out the compare and contrast the scores as reported by the subjects in both pre and post intervention condition with respect to the experimental group as well as the control group independently. 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